Hysteroscopy is a process used to diagnose and treat problems related to the uterus, as defined by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (ACOG). It is carried out by using a thin, long, flexible and lighted device known as a hysteroscope, which is inserted into the uterus through the vaginal opening. The doctors utilize this lighted device to look inside the uterus and find the cause of the problem.